Calcium Role In The Treatment Of Hemorrhagic Shock

Abstract

Hemorrhagic Shock is a type of Hypovolemic Shock caused by large blood loss, making tissue perfusion difficult. Advanced Trauma Life Support (ATLS) emphasizes the need for a systematic and organized approach to the management of hemorrhagic shock, prioritizing rapid control of hemorrhage and restoration of adequate tissue perfusion through aggressive and timely resuscitation. Due to its effects on coagulation, cardiac function and nerve conduction, in recent years there has been a need to monitor and eventually administer calcium supplements to patients with Hemorrhagic Shock as part of a package of measures to improve hemostasis. Citrate used as an anticoagulant in blood products during massive transfusions can result in the reduction of ionized calcium, with negative results on hemostasis as well as other physiological processes in which calcium is central. To improve clinical results in these patients, proactive monitoring and correction of calcium levels, a situation that occurs more and more frequently and is evident in a number of recent publications on the matter. Objective: To deepen the understanding of how calcium regulation can influence the clinical evolution and therapeutic management of patients with hemorrhagic shock, based on available scientific publications. Material and Methods: To collect data, a search was carried out in digital databases such as PUBMED, SCIELO (Scientific Electronic Library Online). The articles were downloaded from these platforms and the Vancouver system was used to manage appropriate citations and references. The study is based on latest literature that highlights the importance of monitoring calcium levels and its adequate replacement to prevent complications associated with hypocalcemia during the treatment of hemorrhagic shock, in order to ament clinical outcomes.